Katherine E. Fryer, EdD
Faculty of Nursing, University of Windsor
Windsor, ON
Purpose of Study:
The purpose of the qualitative phenomenological study was to determine what influential factors contributed to the decisions of African American registered nurses to remain employed in healthcare.
Rationale and Significance:
Currently, a mismatch of diversity exists in the nursing profession. For unknown reasons, a higher voluntary turnover rate exists amongst minorities. Data from the study may contribute to knowledge that gives voice to African American nurses not previously heard. The social implications of acknowledging influential factors that promote retention of African American nurses might reach beyond the immediate corporate environments. Various academic organizations might reflect on the factors that promote retention of African American nurses as a basis for increasing minority representation.
Methodology:
The research design used for the study was qualitative using a phenomenological methodology. The key features of the research were using semi-structured, recorded, and transcribed interviews to explore the lived experiences of hospital-based, practicing African American registered nurses.
Sample and Setting:
The sample population for the study consisted of 20 African American registered nurses employed at a medical center located in Michigan from one of three facilities: Hospital A, Hospital B, and Hospital C who have a minimum of 15 years of nursing experience.
Results:
Six themes emerged from the study (a) intrapreneurial cultural climate; (b) intrapreneurial characteristics; (c) benefits; (d) social network/community; (e) workload; and (f) patient care.
Conclusions:
The results of the study might assist healthcare leaders with retaining African American staff nurses while at the same time increasing the likelihood of creating a culturally competent workforce. Healthcare leaders may consider reflecting on whether or not their organizations are committed to creating a cultural climate consistent with intrapreneurism. Academic leaders may want to consider offering continued educational opportunities while developing strategies to encourage minority nurses to consider continued education in healthcare.